What is Erosion? Types of Erosion 1. Water Erosion 🌊 Examples of Water Erosion ✅ Rain Erosion (Splash Erosion) – Raindrops dislodge soil particles.✅ Sheet Erosion – Thin layers of soil are removed by water runoff.✅ Rill Erosion – Small channels form in the soil.✅ Gully Erosion – Deep cuts in the land formed by […]
Category: Geography
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Weathering
What is Weathering? Types of Weathering 1. Physical Weathering (Mechanical Weathering) Examples of Physical Weathering ✅ Frost Action (Freeze-Thaw Weathering) – Water enters rock cracks, freezes, expands, and breaks the rock.✅ Thermal Expansion – Repeated heating and cooling cause rocks to crack.✅ Exfoliation – Outer rock layers peel off due to temperature changes.✅ Abrasion – […]
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Earthquakes – Notes for Exams
Earthquakes are sudden vibrations of the Earth’s surface caused by tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, or human actions. They originate at a focus point and are measured by scales like Richter and Moment Magnitude. Major earthquake zones include the Pacific Ring of Fire. Preparedness and understanding earthquake effects are vital for safety.
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust where magma, gases, and ash escape. They can be active, dormant, or extinct, with various eruption types and effects. Key volcanic zones include the Ring of Fire and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Volcanoes enrich soil, create land, and pose hazards like lava flows and ash clouds.
What is an Island? Types of Islands 1. Continental Islands 2. Oceanic Islands 3. Coral Islands 4. Barrier Islands 5. Tidal Islands 6. Artificial Islands Major Islands of the World Island Country/Region Special Feature Greenland Denmark Largest island in the world Madagascar Africa Biodiversity hotspot Great Britain UK Historic and economic significance Sri Lanka South […]
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Deltas – Notes Exams
A delta is a triangular landform created at a river’s mouth where sediment is deposited, forming numerous distributaries. There are various types, including arcuate, bird’s foot, estuarine, cuspate, and inland deltas. Deltas support agriculture, biodiversity, and human settlements, being significant for economic activities and environmental health.
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Valleys – Notes for Exams
A valley is a low area between hills, often created by erosion or tectonic shifts, and can be classified into types such as river, glacial, rift, structural, and hanging valleys. Valleys are significant for agriculture, river systems, human settlements, and biodiversity, supporting various civilizations throughout history.
Deserts are arid regions covering 33% of Earth’s land, characterized by low rainfall (under 250 mm/year) and extreme temperature variations. Types include hot, cold, semi-arid, and coastal deserts, each featuring unique ecosystems. Deserts support specialized flora, fauna, and human life, playing crucial roles in economies and global ecology.
Plains are extensive, flat landforms covering about 55% of Earth’s surface, formed by sediment deposition, erosion, or volcanic activity. They include structural, depositional, and erosional types, crucial for agriculture, settlement, and transportation. Notable examples are the Great Plains and Indo-Gangetic Plain, which support significant economic resources.
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Plateaus – Notes Exams
A plateau is a flat, elevated landform formed through volcanic activity, tectonic movements, or erosion. Covering 45% of Earth, plateaus are categorized into intermontane, piedmont, volcanic, dissected, and continental types. They are significant for minerals, agriculture, biodiversity, and tourism, contributing to various economic and ecological systems.