The Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-1784) resulted from British betrayal of the Treaty of Madras and expansionist policies, leading to conflict between Mysore and the British East India Company. It ended in a stalemate with the Treaty of Mangalore, which restored territories but left tensions unresolved, prompting future conflicts.
Category: Indian Modern History
The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767-1769) involved the British East India Company clashing with Hyder Ali of Mysore, resulting in a stalemate and the Treaty of Madras. Key causes included British expansion, alliances against Mysore, and Hyder Ali’s military strength. The treaty promised mutual protection but was soon violated, leading to further conflict.
The Anglo-Mysore Wars were four conflicts (1767-1799) between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company. Led by Hyder Ali and later Tipu Sultan, Mysore resisted British expansion, but ultimately fell. The wars significantly diminished Mysore’s military power and facilitated British dominance in South India, culminating in Mysore’s annexation.
The Charter Act of 1833 was a landmark legislation by the British Parliament that centralized administration in India, ended the East India Company’s commercial role, and expanded British legislative control. It also proposed civil service reforms, allowing merit-based appointments, and legalized Christian missionary activities, significantly influencing India’s governance and society.
Introduction Lord Cornwallis served as the Governor-General of India from 1786 to 1793. He is best known for introducing the Permanent Settlement of Bengal (1793) and major administrative, military, and judicial reforms. His policies laid the foundation for British rule in India. Early Life & Background Major Reforms & Policies 1️⃣ Land Revenue Reforms Permanent […]
The Permanent Settlement of Bengal, introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis, established a fixed land revenue system which created a class of hereditary landlords, known as Zamindars. This system aimed to provide steady revenue for the British East India Company after previous revenue systems proved unstable. While it ensured income for the Company and encouraged agricultural investment by Zamindars, it also led to the exploitation of peasants, with increased rents and lack of ownership rights, causing agricultural stagnation and famines. The Settlement significantly influenced socio-economic structures in India.
The Pitt’s India Act of 1784 was enacted to address the shortcomings of the Regulating Act of 1773, enhancing British government authority over the East India Company while allowing it to manage commerce. Key provisions included establishing the Board of Control for political oversight, increasing the Governor-General’s powers, and asserting British sovereignty over acquired territories. Although it aimed to improve governance and reduce corruption, confusion persisted due to the dual system. This act laid the groundwork for British imperial control in India.
The Regulating Act of 1773 marked the British Parliament’s first step to control the East India Company’s administration in India, addressing corruption and financial mismanagement. It established the position of Governor-General, a Supreme Court in Calcutta, and required Company officials to report to the British government, though implementation faced challenges.
Kolkata, formerly Calcutta, was the capital of British India until 1911, playing a pivotal role in the freedom struggle and social reforms. Established in 1690, it became a cultural and educational hub, producing notable figures like Tagore. Today, it remains a key political and economic center in India.
Robert Clive (1725–1774) was a British military officer and key architect of British rule in India. He played a crucial role in establishing British dominance through his victories in Bengal. 1. Early Life and Entry into India ✔ Born: 29 September 1725, England✔ Joined the British East India Company (EIC) in 1744 as a clerk.✔ […]