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Medieval India

Bahram Shah

Bahram Shah was the fourth ruler of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled from 1240 CE to 1242 CE after overthrowing Razia Sultana. His rule was weak and dominated by Turkish nobles, leading to his eventual downfall. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Bahram Shah Dynasty Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty Ruled From […]

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Medieval India

Razia Sultana – Detailed Notes

Razia Sultana was the first and only woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. She ruled from 1236 CE to 1240 CE as the Sultan of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty. She is remembered for her administrative skills, military leadership, and attempts to break gender barriers in medieval India. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Razia Sultana […]

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Medieval India

Iqta System – Detailed Notes

The Iqta system was a key administrative and revenue system introduced by Iltutmish in the Delhi Sultanate. It was used to collect revenue, maintain an army, and govern provinces efficiently. Later, the system was refined and continued by Alauddin Khalji and Firoz Shah Tughlaq. Basic Information Feature Details Introduced by Iltutmish (Mamluk Dynasty) Purpose Revenue […]

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Medieval India

Aram Shah

Aram Shah was a short-lived and weak ruler of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty, which was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. His rule was marked by instability and was quickly replaced by Iltutmish, who became the true consolidator of the Delhi Sultanate. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Aram Shah Dynasty Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty […]

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Medieval India

Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE)

The Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE) was fought between Raja Jaichand of the Gahadavala Dynasty and Muhammad Ghori. This battle was significant as it marked the defeat of the last major Rajput resistance in North India, allowing Muslim rule to expand further into the Ganga Valley. Basic Information Feature Details Battle Name Battle of Chandawar […]

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Medieval India

Raja Jaichand (Jayachandra) – Detailed Notes

Raja Jaichand (Jayachandra) was a powerful Rajput ruler of the Gahadavala Dynasty who ruled Kannauj. He is known for his rivalry with Prithviraj Chauhan and his defeat in the Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE) against Muhammad Ghori. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Raja Jaichand (Jayachandra) Dynasty Gahadavala Dynasty Capital Kannauj Ruled During Late 12th […]

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Medieval India

Prithviraj Chauhan – Detailed Notes

Prithviraj Chauhan, also known as Rai Pithora, was the last independent Rajput king of Delhi and Ajmer. He is best known for his battles against Muhammad Ghori, especially the First and Second Battles of Tarain. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Prithviraj III Chauhan (Rai Pithora) Dynasty Chahamana (Chauhan) Dynasty Born Around 1166 CE Capital […]

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Art and Culture Medieval India

Qutub Minar – Detailed Notes

Qutub Minar, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the tallest brick minaret globally, standing at 72.5 meters. Constructed in 1199 CE by Qutb-ud-din Aibak and completed by Iltutmish in 1220 CE, it showcases Indo-Islamic architecture. The structure served as a victory tower and a minaret for prayers, highlighting Islamic influence in India.

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Medieval India

Muhammad Ghori – Detailed Notes

Muhammad Ghori (also spelled as Mu’izz-ud-Din Muhammad bin Sam) was a ruler of the Ghurid Empire and played a crucial role in establishing Muslim rule in India. His conquests laid the foundation for the Delhi Sultanate. Basic Information Early Life & Rise to Power Major Conquests in India Muhammad Ghori invaded India multiple times, defeating […]

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Medieval India

Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206–1210)

Qutb-ud-din Aibak – Notes for Competitive Exams Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Delhi Sultanate and the first ruler of the Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty. His contributions to administration, military expansion, and architecture laid the foundation for Muslim rule in India. Basic Information Early Life & Rise to Power Major Contributions 1. Political & Military […]