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Ancient India

Ajatashatru

Ajatashatru was a powerful ruler of the Haryanka Dynasty of Magadha. He expanded Magadha’s territory through wars with neighboring kingdoms and strengthened its position as the dominant power in North India. He was also an important figure in the early growth of Buddhism and Jainism. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Ajatashatru Dynasty Haryanka Dynasty […]

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Ancient India

Bimbisara– Detailed Notes

Bimbisara was one of the greatest rulers of Magadha and the founder of the Haryanka Dynasty. He expanded his kingdom through military conquests and strategic marriages and played a significant role in the rise of Buddhism and Jainism. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Bimbisara Dynasty Haryanka Dynasty Ruled From 544 BCE – 492 BCE […]

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Medieval India

Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE)

The Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE) was fought between Raja Jaichand of the Gahadavala Dynasty and Muhammad Ghori. This battle was significant as it marked the defeat of the last major Rajput resistance in North India, allowing Muslim rule to expand further into the Ganga Valley. Basic Information Feature Details Battle Name Battle of Chandawar […]

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Medieval India

Raja Jaichand (Jayachandra) – Detailed Notes

Raja Jaichand (Jayachandra) was a powerful Rajput ruler of the Gahadavala Dynasty who ruled Kannauj. He is known for his rivalry with Prithviraj Chauhan and his defeat in the Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE) against Muhammad Ghori. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Raja Jaichand (Jayachandra) Dynasty Gahadavala Dynasty Capital Kannauj Ruled During Late 12th […]

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Medieval India

Prithviraj Chauhan – Detailed Notes

Prithviraj Chauhan, also known as Rai Pithora, was the last independent Rajput king of Delhi and Ajmer. He is best known for his battles against Muhammad Ghori, especially the First and Second Battles of Tarain. Basic Information Feature Details Full Name Prithviraj III Chauhan (Rai Pithora) Dynasty Chahamana (Chauhan) Dynasty Born Around 1166 CE Capital […]

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Art and Culture Medieval India

Qutub Minar – Detailed Notes

Qutub Minar, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the tallest brick minaret globally, standing at 72.5 meters. Constructed in 1199 CE by Qutb-ud-din Aibak and completed by Iltutmish in 1220 CE, it showcases Indo-Islamic architecture. The structure served as a victory tower and a minaret for prayers, highlighting Islamic influence in India.

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Art and Culture

Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque – Detailed Notes

Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque is one of the earliest mosques in North India, built during the early period of Islamic rule in India. It is located in the Qutub Minar Complex, Delhi, and represents the fusion of Hindu and Islamic architecture. Basic Information Feature Details Name Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque (Might of Islam Mosque) Location Qutub Minar Complex, Mehrauli, […]

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Medieval India

Muhammad Ghori – Detailed Notes

Muhammad Ghori (also spelled as Mu’izz-ud-Din Muhammad bin Sam) was a ruler of the Ghurid Empire and played a crucial role in establishing Muslim rule in India. His conquests laid the foundation for the Delhi Sultanate. Basic Information Early Life & Rise to Power Major Conquests in India Muhammad Ghori invaded India multiple times, defeating […]

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Medieval India

Qutb-ud-din Aibak (1206–1210)

Qutb-ud-din Aibak – Notes for Competitive Exams Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Delhi Sultanate and the first ruler of the Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty. His contributions to administration, military expansion, and architecture laid the foundation for Muslim rule in India. Basic Information Early Life & Rise to Power Major Contributions 1. Political & Military […]

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Ancient India Art and Culture

Hiuen Tsang (Xuanzang) –

1. Introduction 2. Journey to India (629 CE – 645 CE) ✔ Started from China in 629 CE, without the emperor’s permission.✔ Traveled through Central Asia, crossing the Taklamakan Desert, Afghanistan, and Gandhara.✔ Reached India in 630 CE and stayed for 15 years, extensively traveling across the country.✔ Returned to China in 645 CE with […]