Muizuddin Qaiqabad was the last effective ruler of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled from 1287 CE to 1290 CE but was weak, luxurious, and incompetent, leading to the end of the Mamluk Dynasty and the rise of the Khalji Dynasty.
Basic Information
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Muizuddin Qaiqabad |
| Dynasty | Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty |
| Ruled From | 1287 CE – 1290 CE |
| Predecessor | Ghiyasuddin Balban |
| Successor | Jalaluddin Khalji (Founder of the Khalji Dynasty) |
| Father | Bughra Khan (son of Balban) |
| Major Weakness | Indulgence in pleasure and ignoring administration |
| Death | 1290 CE (Murdered by Khalji nobles) |
Rise to Power
- Muizuddin Qaiqabad was the grandson of Balban.
- After Balban’s death in 1287 CE, nobles placed him on the throne because he was weak and easily controllable.
- Instead of focusing on administration, he indulged in luxury and pleasure, weakening the Delhi Sultanate.
Weaknesses & Decline
1. Ignored Administration
- Unlike his grandfather Balban, Qaiqabad did not take governance seriously.
- The nobles and governors became more powerful, leading to internal chaos.
2. Rise of the Khaljis
- Jalaluddin Khalji, a powerful noble, became the commander of the army.
- The Khalji faction started dominating the Delhi court, preparing to take over power.
3. Assassination & Fall of the Mamluk Dynasty
- In 1290 CE, Muizuddin Qaiqabad was murdered by Khalji nobles.
- His young son Kayumars was made Sultan, but he was also killed.
- Jalaluddin Khalji declared himself the new Sultan, marking the beginning of the Khalji Dynasty.
Significance of Qaiqabad’s Rule
- His weak leadership ended the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty.
- His indulgence in pleasure and ignorance of administration made Delhi unstable.
- His death led to the rise of the Khalji Dynasty (1290 CE).
Key Facts for Quick Revision
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Dynasty | Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty |
| Ruled From | 1287 CE – 1290 CE |
| Predecessor | Ghiyasuddin Balban |
| Successor | Jalaluddin Khalji (Founder of Khalji Dynasty) |
| Major Weakness | Ignored administration, indulged in luxury |
| Death | 1290 CE (Murdered by Khalji nobles) |
MCQs on Muizuddin Qaiqabad
1. Who was the last ruler of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty?
A) Balban
B) Nasiruddin Mahmud
C) Muizuddin Qaiqabad
D) Qutb-ud-din Aibak
Answer: C) Muizuddin Qaiqabad
2. Who succeeded Muizuddin Qaiqabad as the ruler of Delhi?
A) Balban
B) Jalaluddin Khalji
C) Razia Sultana
D) Alauddin Khalji
Answer: B) Jalaluddin Khalji
3. Why was Muizuddin Qaiqabad considered a weak ruler?
A) He was constantly at war
B) He focused more on administration
C) He indulged in luxury and ignored governance
D) He defeated the Mongols
Answer: C) He indulged in luxury and ignored governance
4. How did Muizuddin Qaiqabad die?
A) Natural causes
B) Killed in battle
C) Assassinated by Khalji nobles
D) Died in exile
Answer: C) Assassinated by Khalji nobles
5. Which dynasty replaced the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty?
A) Tughlaq Dynasty
B) Lodhi Dynasty
C) Khalji Dynasty
D) Mughal Dynasty
Answer: C) Khalji Dynasty
These notes are essential for UPSC, SSC, State PSCs, NDA, CDS, and other competitive exams covering Medieval Indian History.