1. Introduction
- Lok Sabha is the lower house of the Indian Parliament.
- It represents the people of India and is the primary legislative body.
- Members are directly elected by citizens through General Elections.
2. Composition of Lok Sabha
- Total Strength: 552 members (as per Article 81)
- 530 members from States.
- 20 members from Union Territories.
- 2 nominated members (from Anglo-Indian community, only if needed; removed after 104th amendment in 2019).
- Current Strength (After 2019): 545 members (due to no Anglo-Indian nominations).
- Reservation of Seats:
- SC/ST: Reserved seats based on population.
- Women Reservation: 33% reservation for women proposed.
3. Elections and Tenure
- Election Process: Direct Elections based on Universal Adult Franchise.
- Voting Age: 18 years (Article 326, after 61st Amendment Act, 1988).
- Election System: First Past the Post (FPTP) System.
- Tenure: 5 years, but may be dissolved earlier by the President.
- Re-election: Conducted within 6 months if dissolved.
4. Powers & Functions
(A) Legislative Powers:
- Ordinary Bills: Can introduce, pass, and amend laws.
- Money Bills: Only Lok Sabha can introduce (Article 110).
- Joint Sitting: In case of disputes, Lok Sabha has an advantage due to larger numbers.
(B) Financial Powers:
- Budget: Presented and passed only in Lok Sabha.
- Money Bills: Rajya Sabha can only suggest changes, Lok Sabha has final decision.
- No Confidence Motion: Government can only be removed by Lok Sabha.
(C) Executive Control:
- Prime Minister & Ministers are responsible to Lok Sabha.
- No-confidence motion (if passed) removes the government.
(D) Constitutional Powers:
- Can initiate and pass Constitutional Amendment Bills (requires 2/3rd majority).
(E) Emergency Powers:
- National, State & Financial Emergency must be approved by Lok Sabha.
5. Speaker of Lok Sabha
- Head of Lok Sabha.
- Elected by members of Lok Sabha.
- Decides on Money Bills.
- Maintains order & discipline.
6. Sessions of Lok Sabha
- 3 sessions every year:
- Budget Session (Feb–May) – Most important.
- Monsoon Session (July–September).
- Winter Session (November–December).
- Quorum: Minimum 1/10th of total members required for a meeting.
- Rajya Sabha vs. Lok Sabha in detail
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. How many total members can Lok Sabha have?
A) 545
B) 552
C) 250
D) 500
✅ Answer: B) 552
2. Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the composition of Lok Sabha?
A) Article 80
B) Article 81
C) Article 110
D) Article 368
✅ Answer: B) Article 81
3. What is the tenure of Lok Sabha?
A) 6 years
B) 5 years
C) 4 years
D) Till the President decides
✅ Answer: B) 5 years
4. Which election system is followed in Lok Sabha elections?
A) Proportional Representation
B) First Past the Post (FPTP)
C) Mixed-Member Representation
D) None of the above
✅ Answer: B) First Past the Post (FPTP)
5. Who can dissolve the Lok Sabha?
A) Speaker
B) Prime Minister
C) President
D) Chief Justice of India
✅ Answer: C) President
6. What is the minimum age to contest Lok Sabha elections?
A) 18 years
B) 21 years
C) 25 years
D) 30 years
✅ Answer: C) 25 years
7. Money Bills can be introduced only in which house?
A) Rajya Sabha
B) Lok Sabha
C) Both Houses
D) Supreme Court
✅ Answer: B) Lok Sabha
8. Who elects the Speaker of Lok Sabha?
A) President
B) Vice President
C) Members of Lok Sabha
D) Chief Justice of India
✅ Answer: C) Members of Lok Sabha
9. What is the quorum required for Lok Sabha?
A) 1/2 of total members
B) 1/3 of total members
C) 1/10 of total members
D) No quorum needed
✅ Answer: C) 1/10 of total members
10. Which house is more powerful in financial matters?
A) Lok Sabha
B) Rajya Sabha
C) Both are equal
D) Supreme Court
✅ Answer: A) Lok Sabha
This format will help in quick revision and MCQ practice for competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State PCS exams. 🚀