The Charter Act of 1833 was a landmark legislation by the British Parliament that centralized administration in India, ended the East India Company’s commercial role, and expanded British legislative control. It also proposed civil service reforms, allowing merit-based appointments, and legalized Christian missionary activities, significantly influencing India’s governance and society.
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Kolkata, formerly Calcutta, was the capital of British India until 1911, playing a pivotal role in the freedom struggle and social reforms. Established in 1690, it became a cultural and educational hub, producing notable figures like Tagore. Today, it remains a key political and economic center in India.
Pulicat, located on the Tamil Nadu–Andhra Pradesh border, was a significant port town historically controlled by the Portuguese, Dutch, and British. Initially a Dutch headquarters, it prospered through textiles and slave trade but declined after British dominance began in 1825, leading to reduced port importance and economic hardship.
The timeline details the arrival and expansion of European powers in India, starting with Vasco da Gama in 1498 and Portuguese dominance in the 16th century, followed by British, Dutch, and French entries. It highlights significant events, trade settlements, and the eventual British supremacy, culminating in India’s independence in 1947.