The Concurrent List in the Indian Constitution allows both Parliament and State Legislatures to legislate on 52 subjects. In cases of conflict, Parliament’s law prevails. Significant articles include 246 and 254, governing legislative powers and conflicts. Notable subjects encompass education, criminal law, and trade, ensuring uniformity and state flexibility.
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Golaknath Case (1967)
The Golaknath Case (1967) was a historic Supreme Court judgment that ruled that Parliament cannot amend Fundamental Rights. This case was a turning point in Indian constitutional history and directly led to the Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973), which introduced the Basic Structure Doctrine. 1. Background of the Golaknath Case 🔹 The case was filed by […]
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Doctrine of Basic Structure
Introduction The Doctrine of Basic Structure is one of the most important judicial principles in Indian Constitutional Law. It was established by the Supreme Court of India in the Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973) to ensure that the fundamental values of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by Parliament. 1. What is the Doctrine of […]
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Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973)
The Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973) established the Basic Structure Doctrine, limiting Parliament’s authority to amend the Constitution. The Supreme Court ruled that while amendments are permitted, they cannot alter the Constitution’s core principles. This landmark verdict has significant implications for protecting fundamental rights and maintaining democratic integrity in India.