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History Indian Modern History

Quit India Movement (1942)

Introduction ✔ Date: August 8, 1942✔ Location: Bombay (now Mumbai)✔ Leader: Mahatma Gandhi✔ Slogan: “Do or Die”✔ Objective: Immediate end of British rule in India✔ Also Known As: Bharat Chhodo Andolan✔ Significance: It was a mass civil disobedience movement. It became the final major campaign against British rule. Background of the Quit India Movement ✔ […]

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History Indian Modern History

Lahore Resolution (1940) Notes and MCQs

Introduction ✔ Date: March 23, 1940✔ Location: Lahore, British India✔ Event: Passed during the All India Muslim League session at Minto Park, Lahore (now Iqbal Park, Pakistan).✔ Significance: It laid the foundation for the demand for a separate Muslim state, later leading to the creation of Pakistan in 1947. Background ✔ Failure of the Congress-Muslim […]

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History Indian Modern History

Government of India Act, 1935

The Government of India Act, 1935 was the largest constitutional reform introduced by the British in India before independence. It was also the most comprehensive reform. It provided a framework for provincial autonomy and laid the foundation for India’s future democratic structure. 1. Background & Reasons for the Act ✔ Failure of Government of India […]

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History Indian Modern History

Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha)

The Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) was a non-violent civil disobedience movement. It was led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930. The protest targeted the British salt monopoly. It was a crucial event in India’s struggle for independence and a key part of the Civil Disobedience Movement. 1. Background & Causes ✔ British Salt Monopoly – The […]

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History Indian Modern History

Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) – Competitive Exam Notes

The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was the first mass civil disobedience movement led by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule. It aimed to boycott British institutions, goods, and services while promoting self-rule (Swaraj). 1. Background & Causes ✔ Rowlatt Act (1919) → Allowed imprisonment without trial, leading to nationwide protests.✔ Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13, 1919) → […]

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History Indian Modern History

Mahatma Gandhi – Exam Notes

Full Name: Mohandas Karamchand GandhiBorn: October 2, 1869 (Porbandar, Gujarat)Died: January 30, 1948 (New Delhi)Title: Father of the NationPhilosophy: Truth (Satya) & Non-violence (Ahimsa) 1. Early Life & Education ✔ Born in a Hindu Vaishya (Bania) family in Gujarat.✔ Studied law at Inner Temple, London (1888-1891).✔ Practiced law in Bombay, then moved to South Africa […]

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History Indian Modern History

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre:

Date: Location: Context: Event: Aftermath: Reactions: Aftermath for Dyer: Significance: Key Points for Competitive Exams: This event is critical for understanding the rising anger and eventual mobilization that led to India’s independence in 1947.

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History Indian Modern History

All India Muslim League (1906) Exam Notes

The All India Muslim League (AIML) was founded on December 30, 1906, at Dhaka. Its primary aim was to safeguard the rights of Indian Muslims. Over time, it played a crucial role in the demand for Pakistan and the eventual partition of India in 1947. 1. Background & Reasons for Formation ✔ Partition of Bengal […]

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History Indian Modern History

Swadeshi Movement (1905-1911)

The Swadeshi Movement emerged in response to the 1905 Partition of Bengal, advocating a boycott of British goods and promotion of Indian products. Key leaders included Dadabhai Naoroji, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Rabindranath Tagore. The movement, marked by public protests and cultural nationalism, laid the groundwork for subsequent independence struggles in India.

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History Indian Modern History

Partition of Bengal (1905)

The Partition of Bengal in 1905, executed by Lord Curzon, aimed to weaken the growing nationalist movement by dividing Bengal into Hindu-majority and Muslim-majority areas. It sparked widespread protests, leading to the Swadeshi Movement and promoting Indian industries. The partition was reversed in 1911 due to continued opposition, but it deepened communal divisions.