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History Indian Modern History

Vernacular Press Act (1878) – Notes and MCQs

The Vernacular Press Act of 1878, enacted by Lord Lytton, aimed to suppress Indian-language newspapers criticizing British policies. It imposed severe censorship, barred appeals, and disproportionately targeted vernacular press. This oppressive law incited anti-British sentiments, catalyzing resistance among Indian nationalists and leading to its repeal in 1882 under Lord Ripon.

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History Indian Modern History

Government of India Act 1858– Notes and MCQs

The Government of India Act (1858) was a landmark legislation. The British Parliament passed it to end the rule of the East India Company and transfer control of India directly to the British Crown. It was a response to the Revolt of 1857, which exposed the weaknesses in British administration. 1. Key Features of the […]

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History Indian Modern History

Lord Lytton (1876–1880) – Competitive Examination Notes

Lord Lytton was the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880 during the rule of British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli. His tenure was marked by imperial policies, economic hardships, and political unrest. 1. Major Policies & Events Under Lord Lytton A. The Delhi Durbar (1877) ✔ Organized the Delhi Durbar to proclaim Queen Victoria as […]

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History

Indian Penal Code (IPC) – Competitive Examination Notes

The Indian Penal Code (IPC), established in 1860, served as India’s primary criminal code for over a century. However, significant legal reforms have been implemented, leading to the repeal of the IPC and the introduction of new legislation. 1. Historical Overview These laws received presidential assent in December 2023. They came into effect on July […]

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History Indian Modern History

Lord Canning (1856–1862) – Facts and MCQs

Lord Canning was the first Viceroy and last Governor-General of India, overseeing significant events like the Revolt of 1857 and introducing vital reforms such as the Government of India Act, 1858, and the Indian Penal Code, 1860. His lenient approach during the revolt earned him the nickname “Clemency Canning.”

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History Indian Modern History

Lord Dalhousie (1848–1856) – Key Facts for Competitive Exams

Lord Dalhousie served as Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856, implementing aggressive expansionist policies like the Doctrine of Lapse, and fostering modernization through railways, telegraphs, and the postal system. His tenure significantly shaped British rule, fostering development while inciting resentment that contributed to the Revolt of 1857.

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Ancient India Art and Culture History Indian Modern History Medieval India

Sati – Key Facts and MCQs

Sati was a social practice in India involving widow self-immolation, primarily in Rajasthan and Bengal, seen as an act of devotion but often coerced. Lord William Bentinck abolished Sati in 1829, influenced by reformer Raja Ram Mohan Roy, marking significant progress in women’s rights and social reform under British rule.

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History Indian Modern History

Lord William Bentinck (1828–1835) – Key Facts and MCQs

Lord William Bentinck served as the Governor-General of India from 1828 to 1835, implementing significant reforms including the abolition of Sati, promotion of English education, and suppression of Thuggee. His policies laid the groundwork for modern education and governance in India, fostering social change and enhancing British control.

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History Indian Modern History

Lord Wellesley (1798–1805) – Key Facts and Objective Questions

Lord Wellesley governed India from 1798 to 1805, notably expanding British rule through the Subsidiary Alliance, which made Indian states dependent on British military support. His military campaigns included the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War and significant victories over the Marathas, consolidating British dominance in India.

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History Indian Modern History

Mahalwari System – Key Facts and MCQs

The Mahalwari System was a land revenue system introduced by the British in India. It was a compromise between the Zamindari System and the Ryotwari System, where revenue was collected from entire villages (mahals) instead of individuals or landlords. Introduction of the Mahalwari System ✅ Introduced by: Holt Mackenzie (1822)✅ Implemented by: Lord William Bentinck […]