Industries in India significantly contribute to economic growth, generating employment and supporting GDP, which is about 30%. Major sectors include textiles, automobiles, IT, and pharmaceuticals. However, challenges such as infrastructure, skilled labor shortages, and competition from imports persist. Government initiatives like Make in India aim to boost manufacturing.
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India is rich in mineral resources, ranking high in global production of coal, iron ore, bauxite, and mica. Key minerals include metallic, non-metallic, and energy types. Challenges include over-extraction and illegal mining, while government initiatives aim to promote sustainable practices and boost domestic production.
1. What is Horticulture? Horticulture is the branch of agriculture that deals with the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, flowers, medicinal plants, spices, and ornamental plants. It plays a significant role in food security, nutrition, and economic development in India. 📌 Fact: India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world after China. […]
Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy, providing employment to over 50% of the population and contributing around 17-18% to the GDP. India is the second-largest producer of food in the world. 1. Importance of Agriculture in India ✅ Employment Generation – Provides jobs to over 50% of India’s workforce.✅ Food Security – Ensures […]
Biosphere Reserves (BR) are protected areas that conserve biodiversity while supporting sustainable human activities, comprising core, buffer, and transition zones. India has 18 BRs, including 12 recognized by UNESCO. They help in biodiversity protection, climate change mitigation, and support local communities, despite facing threats like deforestation and poaching.
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Wildlife in India
India’s rich biodiversity includes over 91,000 animal and 45,000 plant species, supported by various ecosystems. Conservation is vital for ecological balance, preventing extinction, and providing economic benefits through eco-tourism. Major protected areas and programs like Project Tiger aim to safeguard wildlife amid threats like habitat destruction and poaching.
Forests are a vital natural resource that maintain ecological balance, regulate climate, and support biodiversity. However, deforestation and human activities threaten forest cover, making forest conservation essential for sustainable development and environmental protection. 1. Importance of Forest Conservation ✅ Prevents Soil Erosion – Tree roots hold soil together.✅ Maintains Climate Stability – Absorbs CO₂ and […]
Natural vegetation in India varies significantly due to its climate and geography. Classification includes Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Deciduous, Thorn & Scrub, Montane, and Mangrove forests. These ecosystems play crucial roles in preventing soil erosion, regulating climate, supporting wildlife, and providing resources. Deforestation poses challenges, prompting conservation efforts.
Soil is essential for agriculture and biodiversity but faces degradation due to erosion, pollution, and poor practices, notably in India. Key issues include soil erosion, salinization, and pollution. Effective conservation methods include crop rotation, terracing, and reforestation. Government initiatives aim to address these pressing concerns and promote sustainable practices.
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Soils of India
Soil is the uppermost layer of the Earth’s crust that supports plant life. India has varied soil types due to differences in climate, parent rock material, relief, and vegetation. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has classified Indian soils into 8 major types. 1. Major Soil Types in India Soil Type Region Found Characteristics […]