Easy Mind MapsIndia’s climate is diverse, influenced by geographical factors and classified as Tropical Monsoon. It features tropical and subtropical zones, governed by the Himalayas, Indian Ocean, and monsoon winds. Four seasons occur: winter, summer, monsoon, and post-monsoon, varying in temperature and rainfall distribution across regions. Cyclones affect coastal areas significantly.
India’s rivers are categorized into Himalayan (perennial) and Peninsular (seasonal) types, essential for irrigation, power generation, and cultural practices. Major systems include Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra, serving vital roles in agriculture and transportation. Noteworthy projects like the Sardar Sarovar Dam enhance their utility, reflecting their significance in Indian life.
India hosts 1,382 offshore islands, mainly divided into Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep Islands. The former features volcanic origins, diverse tribes, and significant tourism, while the latter consists of coral atolls and a smaller area. Both groups hold ecological and strategic value, contributing to national security and economic growth.
India’s coastline of 7,516.6 km features two major coastal plains: the Western Coastal Plains along the Arabian Sea and the Eastern Coastal Plains along the Bay of Bengal. Both are vital for agriculture, fishing, tourism, and trade, hosting major ports and rich biodiversity, with distinct characteristics and economic significance.
The Thar Desert, located in northwestern India, spans Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana. Characterized by arid conditions, it receives under 250 mm of rainfall annually and experiences extreme temperatures. Major cities include Jaisalmer and Bikaner, with economic activities focused on animal husbandry, handicrafts, and tourism. Conservation efforts are in place.
The Peninsular Plateau, India’s oldest landmass, spans approximately 16 lakh sq. km and is rich in minerals and biodiversity. Divided into Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau, it supports agriculture and industry. However, challenges like soil erosion and water scarcity threaten its sustainability. Sustainable development is essential for its long-term viability.
The Northern Plains, spanning seven Indian states from Punjab to Assam, are vital for agriculture and dense population, covering about 7 lakh sq. km. They comprise diverse river systems like Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra, featuring rich alluvial soils. Challenges include flooding, soil degradation, and pollution, impacting sustainability and productivity.
India’s physical geography encompasses diverse features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, deserts, and coastal regions, categorized into six physiographic divisions. Notable divisions include the Himalayas, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Thar Desert, Coastal Plains, and islands. These geographical elements significantly influence India’s climate, biodiversity, and agriculture.
India is divided into 28 states and 8 Union Territories (UTs), with states having their own governments and UTs primarily governed by the Central Government. Notable UTs like Delhi and Puducherry possess legislatures. Significant changes include the formation of Telangana in 2014 and the establishment of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh as UTs in 2019.
Geographical Location of India 📌 Fact: India is the 2nd most populous country in the world after China. Latitudinal & Longitudinal Extent Extent Values Significance Latitude 📍 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N Affects climate & vegetation Longitude 📍 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E Determines time zones Standard Meridian of India ⏰ 82°30′ E Indian Standard […]